毛细管X光透镜聚焦的微束X射线荧光谱仪的研发及应用

针对不同样品的分析需求，本文设计了几种不同类型的微束X射线荧光谱仪。用高精度激光位移传感器实时校正样品表面被测量点与毛细管透镜出端之间的距离，以减少形状不规则的古陶瓷样品测量时带来的误差；利用毛细管X光透镜传输能量高于25 keV的X射线效率低的特点，将其应用于高铅釉瓷器彩料的无损分析中；采用大功率X射线源，扫描分析了大米中K、Ca等元素分布；以人民币5角硬币为例，研究了能量色散的微束X射线衍射方法。研究结果表明，本文研发的微束X射线荧光谱仪在生物样品和文物样品的分析研究中有广泛的应用前景。

Development and Application of Micro X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer Focused by Polycapillary X-ray Optics

In order to suit for the needs of analysis of different samples by micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometer focused by polycapillary X-ray optics, several kinds of micro-X-ray fluorescence spectrometers were designed in this paper. The laser displacement sensor (LDS) was used to automatically control the distance between the irradiation spot of sample and exit of polycapillary X-ray optics so that it can decrease the measured error of irregular surface of archaeological object. Due to the lower transmission efficiency for the X-ray with energy for more than 25 keV, polycapillary X-ray optics could be used for the non-destructive analysis of ancient colored glaze that contains high concentration Pb. The elemental mappings of K, Ca, etc. in a grain rice were scanned by the micro-X-ray fluorescent spectrometer with the high power X-ray source. In the same time, a RMB 5 jiao coin was taken for example, and the methodology of dispersive energy of micro-X-ray diffraction was researched. The results show that the micro-X-ray fluorescent spectrometer can be widely used for the analysis of biological sample and archaeological object.