碱矿渣胶凝材料固化废TBP的配方初步研究

核工业中产生的放射性废磷酸三丁酯（TBP）存在巨大的潜在危害，其处理是一世界性难题，国内尚处于理论研究阶段。本文针对废TBP碱度大和有机物盐份高的特征，提出了碱激发胶凝材料的固化处理方法，并研究了激发剂用量、水解产物包容量和养护时间对固化体的机械性能、抗水性、抗冻融性、水化程度、碱度、矿物组成以及活性Al、Si含量的影响。与硅酸盐水泥和矿渣水泥相比，碱矿渣胶凝材料在固化TBP水解产物方面凸显优越性，当包容量为14.49%时，碱矿渣胶凝材料固化体28 d的强度为18.90 MPa，而硅酸盐水泥固化体的强度仅8.69 MPa。碱矿渣胶凝材料中Cs和Sr的抗浸出性、抗冻融和抗冲击性能均明显优于矿渣水泥和硅酸盐水泥。

Solidification of Spent Tributylphosphate by Alkali-activated Slag

The radioactive spent tributylphosphate (TBP) from nuclear industry has large potential hazards, and its processing is a worldwide problem and the study still stays at the level of theory. In this paper, the solidification by alkali-activated slag (AAS) was proposed aimed at the high alkalinity and organic salt content of spent TBP hydrolysate. The effects of activator content, hydrolysate incorporating amount and curing age on the mechanical properties, water resistance, freeze-thaw resistance, hydration degree, alkalinity, mineral composition, and content of active Al and Si were studied. The results indicate that the AAS reveals prominent superiority in the respect of immobilizing spent TBP compared with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and slag Portland cement (SPC). The compressive strength of immobilization matrix is 18.90 MPa at 28 d incorporating 14.49% spent TBP hydrolysate, while that of OPC is only 8.69 MPa. The leaching resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and shock resistance of AAS are all much better than that of SPC and OPC.