规模化储能参与下的电网二次调频优化控制策略

近年来,大规模电池储能参与电网二次调频控制是其继调峰之后最具潜力的应用方向之一,但是传统的二次调频控制策略无法区分不同电池储能技术特征的差异,进而难以充分发挥其调频优势,造成资源浪费。为此,提出一种计及电池储能技术特征的电网二次调频控制策略。受传统机组的调频成本模型启发建立电池储能调频成本函数,定量描述具有不同技术特征的储能在承担调频责任时所对应的调频成本。以调频成本最小化为目标,配置储能调频责任以满足电网二次调频需要。利用MATLAB/Simulink搭建含多个电池储能的区域电网动态模型,验证所提二次调频策略的可行性,并与其他2种调频策略进行对比分析。仿真结果表明,所提控制策略能够充分考虑不同电池储能的技术特征,从而精确地调度储能以满足电网调频需要,并实现荷电状态的均衡控制。

Optimal control strategy of secondary frequency regulation for power grid with large-scale energy storages

In recent years, it is one of the most potential application directions for large-scale battery energy storages to participate in the secondary frequency regulation control of power grid besides the peak-shaving application. How-ever, traditional secondary frequency regulation control strategies cannot distinguish the technical characteristic differences of different BESSs(Battery Energy Storage Systems),so it is difficult to make full use of BESS''s frequency regulation advantages, resulting in waste of resources. Therefore, a secondary frequency regulation control strategy of power grid considering the technical characteristics of BESS is proposed. Inspired by the frequency regulation cost model of traditional generators, the frequency regulation cost function of BESS is established, based on which to quantitatively describe the frequency regulation cost of energy storage with different technical characteristics. The frequency regulation responsibility of energy storage is allocated to meet the secondary frequency regulation requirements of power grid with the minimum frequency regulation cost as the objective. The dynamic model of regional power grid with multiple BESSs is built in MATLAB/Simulink to verify the feasibility of the proposed control strategy, and the proposed control strategy is compared with other two frequency regulation control strategies. Simulative results show that the proposed control strategy can fully consider the technical characteristics of different BESSs, so as to accurately dispatch the energy storage to meet the frequency regulation requirements of power grid, and realize the balanced control of BESS''s state of charge.