Monitoring the contents of biogenic amines in sufu by HPLC with SPE and pre-column derivatization |
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| Authors: | Tao Tang Kun Qian Tianyu Shi Fang Wang Jianqiang Li Yongsong Cao Qiongbo Hu |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, PR China;2. College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, 483#, Wushan Road, Tianhe, Guangzhou 510642, PR China;1. Department of Physics, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa;2. Photovoltaic Laboratory, Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India;1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 14115-175, Tehran, Iran;2. Faculty of Food Industry and Agriculture, Department of Food Science & Technology, Standard Research Institute (SRI), Karaj, 31745-139, Iran;1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, Romania;2. Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 47 Domneasca Street, 800008 Galati, Romania;1. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Street, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland;2. Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sofia, 1 James Bourchier Blvd., Sofia 1126, Bulgaria |
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| Abstract: | Sufu is a nutritious fermented food whose consumption is currently increasing in many countries. The purpose of this study was to develop an HPLC method with SPE and pre-column derivatization for monitoring the content of biogenic amine in sufu and to understand the differences in the contents of biogenic amines with different processing technologies. Biogenic amines in sufu were extracted with 6% trichloroacetic acid, derivatized with 4-chloro-3,5-dinitrobenzotrifluoride, purified with Waters Oasis MCX cartridge, separated by HPLC using gradient elution, and detected by spectrophotometric UV at 254 nm. The method linearity, calculated for each biogenic amine, has a correlation coefficient higher than 0.9915. Detection limits of the biogenic amines were ranged from 0.016 mg/kg for putrescine to 0.067 mg/kg for spermine. Spiking experiments showed that the overall recoveries ranged between 83.6% and 103.5% with relative standard deviations of 1.26–5.24%. Of the seven biogenic amines under study, at least four biogenic amines were detectable in different kinds of sufu. Tryptamine, putrescine, histamine, and tyramine were the most prevailing biogenic amines in all sufu samples. The mean values of histamine, tryptamine, phenylethylamine, tyramine, putrescine, spermidine and spermine determined in samples were found to be 18.2 mg/kg, 39.0 mg/kg, 1.1 mg/kg, 21.7 mg/kg, 34.6 mg/kg, 11.1 mg/kg, and 8.7 mg/kg, respectively. The total contents of biogenic amines in bacteria fermented sufu samples (129.0 mg/kg) were slightly lower than those in enzymatically ripened sufu samples (137.7 mg/kg). The concentrations of biogenic amines detected in sufu samples were below the maximum permissible limits. |
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