Improving the low-temperature properties of alternative diesel fuels: Vegetable oil-derived methyl esters |
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Authors: | R. O. Dunn M. W. Shockley M. O. Bagby |
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Affiliation: | (1) Oil Chemical Research, USDA, ARS, NCAUR, 1815 N. University St., 61604 Peoria, IL |
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Abstract: | This work explores near-term approaches for improving the low-temperature properties of triglyceride oil-derived fuels for direct-injection compression-ignition (diesel) engines. Methyl esters from transesterified soybean oil were evaluated as a neat fuel and in blends with petroleum middle distillates. Winterization showed that the cloud point (CP) of methyl soyate may be reduced to −16°C. Twelve cold-flow additives marketed for distillates were tested by standard petroleum methodologies, including CP, pour point (PP), kinematic viscosity, cold filter plugging point (CFPP), and low-temperature flow test (LTFT). Results showed that additive treatment significantly improves the PP of distillate/methyl ester blends; however, additives do not greatly affect CP or viscosity. Both CFPP and LTFT were nearly linear functions of CP, a result that compares well with earlier studies with untreated distillate/methyl ester blends. In particular, additives proved capable of reducing LTFT of neart methyl esters by 5–6°C. This work supports earlier research on the low-temperature properties; that is, approaches for improving the cold flow of methyl ester-based diesel fuels should continue to focus on reducing CP. |
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Keywords: | Biodiesel cloud point cold filter plugging point diese fuel kinematic viscosity low-temperature flow test methyl esters pour point soybean oil winterization |
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