石家庄市2005-2012年环境空气质量变化及影响因素分析

利用石家庄市区环境空气质量定点监测资料,研究了市区2005-2012年环境空气质量变化趋势及影响因素。结果表明：石家庄市首要污染物是PM10（可吸入颗粒物）,其次为SO2（二氧化硫）,呈现尘污染和煤烟型污染特征;SO2和NO2（二氧化氮）、PM10月均值总体呈非采暖期小于采暖期的趋势,PM10在非采暖期3-5月份出现一个小高峰,沙尘天气影响可能是其主要原因。API（空气污染指数）的月均值与PM10月际变化趋势一致,表明石家庄市大气污染以尘污染为主。总体上,PM10呈现显著下降趋势,SO2和NO2呈不显著上升趋势,空气综合污染指数表现为不显著下降。能源结构变化、产业结构变化、污染源综合整治对减轻环境空气污染起到一定的作用。

Ambient air quality change and the affecting factors from 2005 to 2012 in Shijiazhuang City

The changing trends and influencing factors of the ambient air quality in the urban areas of Shijiazhuang City were investigated on account of the in-situ monitoring data in 2005-2012.Results show that PM10 is the major pollutant followed by SO2.Moreover,the dust contamination and the ＂coal smoking type＂ pollutant are the remarkable feature of Shijiazhuang City.Furthermore,the monthly average levels（MAL）of SO2,NO2 and PM10 in non-heating seasons are less than the values of heating season.In non-heating seasons（from March to May）,a small peak of PM10 is observed,which is mainly caused by the dust weather.The MAL changes of air pollution index（API）corresponds well with the changes of PM10,demonstrating that the dust contamination is the major source of pollution in Shijiazhuang City.In general,the decrease of PM10is significant and the increase of SO2 and NO2 are insignificant,presenting a less-marked downward trend in the air pollution integrated index.Thestructure adjustments of energy and industry,as well as the comprehensive realignment of the pollution sources may play some role in reducing the environmental air pollution.