轴类件拔长V型砧和四砧径向锻造锻透性研究

轴类大锻件拔长可以采用V型砧、四砧径向锻造等。为了解这些拔长方式对锻件芯部变形的影响,应用有限元软件Super Form模拟了拔长锻造过程,对比分析了V型砧和四砧径向锻造两种工艺方法的锻透性。研究表明:V型砧拔长,锻后锻件内部等效应变分布不均匀,各处变形差异较大,经3道次拔长后,锻件芯部锻透性较好,给定条件下的累积等效应变约为1.6;四砧径向锻造,锻后锻件内部等效应变分布比较均匀,但锻件芯部锻透性较差,给定条件下芯部等效应变小于0.2,且端部一定长度范围内,芯部等效应变更小,经4道次拔长后,芯部累积等效应变为0.8左右。

Research on forging penetration efficiency in the process of V-shaped anvil stretching and four-anvil radial forging for long-axis workpiece

The long-axis heavy forging workpiece is stretched by V-shaped anvil forging and four-anvil radial forging, etc.In order to understand the influences of stretching methods on deformation in the core of forging workpiece, the stretching process was simulated by the finite element software SuperForm, and the V-shaped anvil forging and four-anvil radial forging were compared from the aspect of forging penetration efficiency.The research results show that the equivalent strain distribution of the internal forging workpiece is uneven with big difference by V-shaped anvil stretching.However, the high forging penetration efficiency in the core of forging workpiece is obtained by three passes stretching, and the cumulative equivalent strain is about 1.6 under the given condition.But, the equivalent strain distribution of the internal forging workpiece is uniform by four-anvil radial forging, the forging penetration efficiency in the core of forging workpiece is bad, and the equivalent strain is less than 0.2 under the given condition.In addition, the equivalent strain in the core of forging workpiece in the end within a certain distance is smaller, and the cumulative equivalent strain is about 0.8 after four passes streching.