纳米钕基氧化物的溶胶-凝胶法制备及其催化性能

采用乙二醇溶胶-凝胶法制备氧化钕基氧化物纳米粒子,研究乙二醇与Nd3+的摩尔比、煅烧温度和掺杂对产物结构的影响及其对高氯酸铵热分解的催化性能。研究表明:当乙二醇与Nd3+的摩尔比为10,70℃加热回流2 h,90℃干燥26 h,700℃煅烧2 h,可得到平均粒径为43.6 nm的球形纳米氧化钕;3.4 mol%Mn掺杂Nd2O3纳米粉体催化高氯酸铵热分解使其在310~350℃和400~470℃的2个小放热峰合并为一个以347.7℃为中心的强放热峰,表观分解热由515 J/g上升到1 250 J/g,高于纳米Nd2O3催化下的1140 J/g,证明了Mn2+掺杂可进一步提高纳米Nd2O3的催化活性。

Sol-gel synthesis of neodymium-based oxide nanoparticles and their catalytic performance for thermal decomposition of NH4 ClO4

Neodymium-based oxide nanoparticles were synthesized via the none-aqueous sol-gel process based on hydrated yttrium nitrate and ethylene glycol. The effects of the molar ratio of ethylene glycol to neodymium ion, calcination temperature and metal ion doping on structure of the products were studied. The catalytic performance of the as-prepared samples for the ammonium perchlorate （AP） decomposition was investigated. The results indicated that the nano-sized neodymia spherical particles with 43.6 nm in average particle size could be obtained after 2 h reflux at 70 ℃ ,26 h drying into xerogel at 90 ℃ followed by 2 h annealing of xerogel and that the addition of the 3.4 mol% Mn-doped neodymia nanoparticles into AP incorporates two small exothermic peaks of AP in the temper- ature ranges of 310 -350 ℃ and 400 -470 ℃ into a strong exothermic peak of AP centered at 347.7 ℃ ,increases the apparent decomposition heat from 515 J/g to 1 250 J/g,higher than that of AP catalyzed by the equal amount of neodymia nanoparticles by 110 J/g. Therefore, the catalytic property of neodymia nanoparticles for AP thermal de- composition can be further enhanced by Mn^2 ＋ doping.