行向与行距对烟田水、温和光照条件及烤烟生长的影响

为了探讨行向与行距对烟田环境和烤烟生长的效果，以云烟87为材料，采用裂区试验，研究了不同行向和行距对烟田土壤温度、土壤水分、光照等环境因素以及烤烟生长的影响。结果表明，覆膜垄体地温南北行向高于东西行向，土壤含水量低于东西行向；行间光照强度东西行向优于南北行向，而同行株间光照南北行向好于东西行向；南北行向的烤烟发育进程早，生长势好于东西行向，叶片光合速率大于东西行向。相同行向不同行距间的地温和净光合速率差异不明显，但与另外两个行距水平相比，宽窄行交替种植处理更有利于保持土壤水分；行距1.2 m处理光照最差。因此，在中纬度皖南烟区，烤烟南北行向种植优于东西行向。

Effects of Row Directions and Row Spacing on Soil Temperature,Soil Moisture,Illumination and Growth of Flue-cured Tobacco

The objectives of this investigation were to study the effects of row directions and row spacing on field environment （soil temperature, soil moisture, illumination） and growth of flue-cured tobacco （cv. Yunyan 87）. The experiment was a split plot design with row direction as main plot and row spacing as subplot. The results showed that the soil temperature of ridge of S-N direction was higher than that of E-W direction, but the soil moisture was lower than S-N direction. Between the different lines, the illumination of E-W direction was better than S-N direction, while among plants of same line in S-N direction was better than E-W direction. Meanwhile, tobacco in S-N direction developed earlier, grew better than E-W direction, and the net photosynthetic rate was slightly higher than E-W direction. Row spacing had no significant effect on soil temperature and net photosynthetic rate, but when row spacing was 1.1-1.4×0.5 m, it was better in keeping soil moisture. And when row spacing was 1.2 m, the illumination was poor. The study indicates that planting flue-cured tobacco by S-N direction was better than E-W direction in the middle latitude area of South Anhui.