超声波-酶解法和超声波法提取裙带菜多糖的比较研究

比较研究超声波-酶解法和超声波法提取裙带菜多糖，并采用Fenton体系研究裙带菜中多糖对羟自由基清除活性作用。选取浸提时间、酶用量、固液比及温度4因素采用L16(45)和L9(34)两个方案分别对超声-酶解提取裙带菜多糖和超声波法提取进行正交试验。得到最佳的提取条件为：超声-酶解提取的裙带菜多糖得率与抗羟自由基优化组合为超声-酶解时间15min、纤维素酶用量2.8×104U/g(酶与藻粉比值)、温度70℃、固液比1:80为最佳条件，在此条件下，裙带菜多糖提取率为(4.522±0.028)%，3.60g/L的裙带菜多糖对羟自由基清除率为(51.70±0.47)%。超声-酶解结合方法提取试验条件对裙带菜多糖提取率影响显著(P＜0.01)。试验条件对提取得到的裙带菜多糖羟自由基清除率结果影响不显著(P＞0.05)。超声-酶解法的裙带菜多糖提取效果和及其羟自由基清除率能力明显优于超声波法，其结果具有显著性差异(P＜0.01)。超声波-酶解结合方法提取裙带菜多糖，提取效率高，多糖清除自由基效果好。

A Comparative Study of Ultrasonic Treatment Alone and in Combination with Cellulase Hydrolysis for Extraction of Undaria pinnatifida Polysaccharides

In the present study, the extraction of Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides by ultrasonic treatment alone and in combination with cellulase hydrolysis was optimized by orthogonal array designs L16 (45) and L9 (34), respectively. The optimal ultrasonic-cellulase treatment conditions for simultaneously improved polysaccharide yield and scavenging activity of polysaccharide extracts against hydroxyl radicals generated in Fenton system were treatment time of 15 min, cellulase amount of 2.8 × 104 U/g algae power, treatment temperature of 70 ℃ and solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:80. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the extraction rate of Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides was (4.522 ± 0.028)%. The hydroxyl radical scavenging rate of the obtained extract was up to (51.70 ±0.47)%. In addition, each of the four process conditions showed a significant effect on the extraction rate of Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides (P＜0.01) and no significant effect on the scavenging activity of polysaccharide extracts against hydroxyl radicals (P＞0.05). The combination of ultrasonic and cellulase could significantly increase the extraction rate of Undaria pinnatifida polysaccharides and the scavenging activity of polysaccharide extracts against hydroxyl radicals as compared with ultrasonic alone (P＜0.01).