异质性视角下的街区复合环境与步行行为研究——以杭州为例

基于杭州典型街区居民步行活动数据,利用社群属性、物质环境、心理感知三组变量构建两水平泊松回归预测模型,探索街区复合环境对步行日常事务、独步健身、步行交友聚会三类活动的影响。结论为,三类步行活动呈现由低到高的街区异质性特征,反映了城市步行行为环境的演进规律;社群属性、物质环境与心理感知因素分别构成步行行为环境的倾向因素、促成因素与强化因素,并呈现交互作用;街区土地使用策略对步行行为选择的影响是基础性和关键性的,但更富效率的作用还有赖于体系化、协同化的精细管理与相关策略的配合。最后,从街区环境的规划定位、营造方法与管理机制三个层面提出了可步行街区的建设策略与建议。

A STUDY ON NEIGHBORHOOD COMPOUND ENVIRONMENT AND WALKING BEHAVIOR FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF HETEROGENEITY: TAKING HANGZHOU AS AN EXAMPLE

Using the data from a survey on resident's travel by walking in typical neighborhoods of Hangzhou,this paper develops a two-level Poisson regression model with community attributes,physical environment,and psychological perception as explanatory variables to examine the effects of the neighborhood compound environment on the three types of walking activities (i.e.,daily affairs,leisure and sports,and social gathering).The results show that,the three types of walking activities exhibit the characteristics of neighborhood heterogeneity from low to high,reflecting the evolution law of the urban neighborhood environment and walking behavior.Community attributes,physical environment,and psychological perception respectively constitute the predisposing,enabling,and reinforcing factors of the walking behavior and environment,and have interactive effects.The impact of land use strategy on walking behavior is fundamental and critical.However,only the systematic and refined management and the coordination of related policies can make it more efficient.In the end,the paper puts forward a set of strategies and suggestions for the construction of walkable neighborhood from the three aspects of neighborhood environment:planning position,creation methods,and management mechanisms.