基于职住空间关系分析上海郊区新城发展状况

利用手机信令数据识别出上海市域居民的就业地和居住地,获取了就业密度和通勤联系数据,从职住空间关系视角分析了上海9个郊区新城的发展状况。首先,通过就业密度识别就业密集区、计算各新城平均就业密度。随后,通过通勤联系分析各新城就业者来源地,划分了各新城就业势力范围。最后用独立指数计算各新城的职住平衡程度。研究发现上海郊区新城已成为郊区经济活动主要集聚区域,但各新城就业辐射范围仍主要集中在其所属行政辖区内,对所属区县以外地区的就业吸引力较弱。独立指数测算定量证实了上海郊区新城基本符合离开中心城越远,自身职住平衡程度越高的规律。其中,地处远郊而且独立指数较低的郊区新城其发展状况较为特殊,原因值得一步研究。

ANALYZING SUBURBAN NEW TOWN DEVELOPMENT IN SHANGHAI FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF JOBS-HOUSING SPATIAL RELATIONSHIP

This paper uses the cellular signaling data to identify the place of employment and residence of residents in Shanghai,so as to obtain the employment density and commuting data to analyze the development of nine suburban new towns in Shanghai from the perspective of jobs-housing spatial relationship.Firstly,employment-intensive areas are identified and the average employment density of each new town is calculated by using employment density data.And then the scope of employment influence is divided from commuting data by analyzing the sources of workers in each new town.Finally,the level of jobs-housing balance of each new town is calculated using independence index.It is found that the suburban new towns in Shanghai have become the main cluster of economic activities,while the influence scope of employment in each new town is still mainly concentrated in its respective administrative area,with less attraction to areas outside.The calculation results of independence index demonstrate the law that the farther from the central city,the higher degree of jobs-housing balance that suburban new towns of Shanghai represent.Among them,new towns located in the outer suburbs with low independence index indicate their special development situation,the reason of which is worth further study.