长壁工作面采空区见方形成异常来压的微震监测研究

上覆岩层的断裂失稳下沉是造成工作面矿压显现的根源。采用微震监测技术对长壁工作面见方期间围岩破坏的整个过程进行监测，研究长壁工作面见方期间微震事件动态信息与岩层运动及矿压显现间的关系，揭示大能量微震事件发生和工作面围岩异常矿压的物理力学机制。同时，统计研究采场煤壁片帮和支架工作阻力的动态变化规律。微震监测与宏观矿压观测综合对比研究表明，见方期间的开采影响范围比正常开采时大，围岩释放能量也达到极大值。研究结果证实了采空区见方期间工作面将发生异常矿压，能够为见方期间冲击地压、煤与瓦斯突出和底板突水等矿井动力灾害防治提供针对性的指导。

ABNORMAL STRATA STRESS RESULTED FROM GOAF SQUARE OF LONGWALL FACE BASED ON MICROSEISMIC MONITORING

Fracture instability and sink are the fundamental reason of strata pressure behaviors. Microseismic monitoring technology is applied to strata fracture monitoring of the goaf square period(i.e. length of the goaf sides of longwall face are equal) in longwall face. Relationships among microseismic events，strata movement and strata pressure behavior are conducted to reveal the physical mechanism of large energy microseismic events and abnormal strata pressure of surrounding strata during goaf square. Comprehensive comparative studies，statistics of dynamic changes of working resistance of support and collapse of coal wall of longwall face，have shown that mining influence range is larger than normal mining；and energy release of strata reaches a maximum value. The results prove that long wall face will occur abnormal strata pressure during goaf square can be used to guide prevention of mine dynamic disaster as coal bump，coal and gas outburst and water inrush of strata.