一维多孔碳纳米纤维的可控制备及电化学性能研究

利用静电纺丝技术,将聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)与聚丙烯腈(PAN)纺丝原液混合,电纺得到高分子纤维膜,再结合高温碳化技术得到一维多孔PAN基碳纤维。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、差热热重(TG-DSC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等对所制备电极材料的结构和形态进行了系统表征,同时将其组成三电极体系研究电化学性能。结果表明:当纺丝原液中nPAN∶nPS=60∶1时,其在电流密度为0.5 A/g下的比电容值为339.23 F/g;当纺丝原液中n PAN∶n PMMA=40∶1时,其在电流密度为0.5 A/g下的比电容值为314.54 F/g,比纯PAN基碳纤维的比电容值有所上升;同时,在循环充放电2000圈后,初始比电容的保持率分别达95.5%和94.6%,展示出了良好的电容性能和循环性能。

Controllable Preparation and Electrochemical Performance Study of One-Dimensional Porous Carbon Nanofibers

One-dimensional porous carbon nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning and high temperature carbonization.The structure and morphology of the electrode materials were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),differential thermal thermogravimetry(TG-DSC),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and its electrochemical performance under a three-electrode system was tested.The results show that when nPAN∶nPS=60∶1 in the electrospinning solution,the specific capacitance value is 339.23 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g,when nPAN∶nMMA=40∶1 in the electrospinning solution,the specific capacitance value is 314.54 F/g at a current density of 0.5 A/g,the capacitance performance of the electrode material prepared by doping PS and PMMA in the spinning dope has increased compared with pure PAN-based carbon fiber.At the same time,after 2000 cycles of charge and discharge,the retention rates of the initial specific capacitance have reached 95.5%and 94.6%,respectively.