超大城市卫生设施专项规划研究:上海的探索

编制卫生设施专项规划是应对超大城市居民健康安全问题的重要途径之一。以上海市为例,针对当前上海卫生设施面临的设施规模与需求增长失配、资源供给结构不均衡、资源配置效率亟待提高、设施服务能级急需提升等问题,在借鉴英国、日本、新加坡等卫生设施规划经验的基础上,提出卫生设施专项规划编制的若干思考。主要包括:理念更新,将医疗卫生视为卓越全球城市的战略资源;关口前移,构建"防、治、养"三位一体的设施体系;重心下沉,强化各级卫生设施的空间统筹与功能提升;系统整合,推动设施由"相互分立"向"高效协作"转变;高效治理,完善专项规划编制及做好空间落实与常态监管等。

Research on Sector Planning of Health Care Facilities in Megacities:Exploration of Shanghai

Composing the specialized planning for health care facilities is one of the essential ways to deal with the residents’health problems in megacities.Taking current Shanghai health facilities for an example,it is found that we are facing problems such as the mismatch of facility scales with demand growth,the imbalance of resource supply structure,the inefficiency of resource allocation,and the incapacity of facility services.By learning from the experience of the United Kingdom,Japan,and Singapore,this paper puts forward several critical points for the compilation of the specialized planning for health care facilities,including(1)concept improvement,to take medical health as the strategic resource for an excellent global city;(2)take action in advance,to establish a"prevention,treatment,convalescence"facility system;(3)attach importance to basic facilities,to strengthen the spatial coordination and function improvement of health care facilities at all levels;(4)system integration,to promote the transformation of facilities from"separation"to"efficient cooperation";(5)closed-loop management,to achieve the implementation and supervision of specialized planning.