有机气体/蒸气除湿膜的研究进展

膜法除湿技术是一项高效快速节能的技术,在工业生产领域有较多的利用,用于对湿度敏感的离子迁移谱仪等检测器的进样装置,可有效降低进入仪器内部水汽的含量.根据分离原理的差异,除湿膜分为优先透水膜和优先透有机物膜两种,前者具有亲水性,依据尺寸筛分效应进行分离,包括Nafion膜、磺化聚合物膜、聚酰亚胺膜、聚酯膜、碳膜等；后者具有疏水性,依据溶解-扩散理论进行分离,包括聚硅氧烷膜、聚醚膜、聚乙炔膜、自具微孔聚合物膜等.目前用于离子迁移谱仪的除湿膜是优先透有机物膜,以聚硅氧烷膜为主.

Recent Progress of Membranes for Organic Gas/Vapor Dehydration

Dehydration technique with membranes is employed in many industrial fields for its high efficiency, convenience and energy conservation. Ambient humidity has great effect on the ion mobility spectrometers （IMS） and the membrane inlet system can control the vapor content at a low level inside the IMS. Dehydration membranes can be divided into two classes according to their separation principle： preferentially non-watertight membranes and organic gas/vapor permselective membranes. The former is strongly hydrophilic with the separation principle of size-sieved effect, including Nation membranes, sulfonated polymer membranes, polyimide membranes, polyester membranes, carbon membranes, et al. The latter is hydrophobic based on the solution diffusion theory consisting of polysiloxane membranes, polyether membranes, polyacetylene membranes, polymer membranes with intrinsic microporosity and so on. The dehydration membranes for IMS is organic gas/vapor permselective membranes, most of which are polysiloxane membranes.