汶川地震震损水坝特征及震害影响因素分析

基于汶川地震震损水坝的原始数据,定量和定性地分析了汶川地震中水坝震害类型、分布特点及其影响因素。结果表明汶川地震中震损水坝数量多、分布广、震害类型多,震害以地震波危害为主,震害形式以坝体裂缝为主,滑坡、震陷、渗漏等震害普遍。地震烈度、施工质量、水坝坝基、筑坝材料、水库管理水平等对水坝的震损影响显著,并提出了水坝抗震和震害评估的一些建议。

Charateristics of Damaged Dams and Influencing Factors in Wenchuan Earthquake

Based on the raw data of seismic damaged dams in Wenchuan earthquake,the typical damaged types,distribution and their impact factors of dams are analyzed by using quantitative and qualitative methods.The results show that the number of seismic damaged dams is huge and distribution is widespread;the types of damage dams are various;dams damaged by seismic wave are serious;landslide,settlement,leakage are common damaged forms of dam and the cracking is the most common type;the intensity of earthquake,quality of construction,dam base,dam material and reservoir management have significant impact on seismic safety of dams;some suggestions are proposed to reduce evaluation of aseismic and damage of dams in earthquake.