GAP-ETPE/NC共混聚合物的制备与性能

采用溶液共混工艺,将聚叠氮缩水甘油醚(GAP)型含能热塑性弹性体(ETPE)与硝化纤维素(NC)进行物理共混,制得不同质量比的GAP-ETPE/NC共混聚合物。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和广角X-射线衍射仪(WXRD)表征制备的共混聚合物结构,动态力学热分析(DMA)、万能材料试验机、邵氏硬度仪和热重分析(TG)研究其热学和力学性质。结果表明,制备的GAP-ETPE/NC共混聚合物具有明显的叠氮型聚醚聚氨酯弹性体和硝化纤维素特征,相容性较好,热稳定性较单纯NC有一定改善。NC含量增大,有利于共混聚合物结晶程度的提高,使其表现出较高的模量和强度,GAP-ETPE含量增大时,共混聚合物的延伸率和低温力学性能得到显著改善。其中当GAP-ETPE/NC质量比从5/5变化到3/7时,共混聚合物抗拉强度由20.7 MPa增加至39.2MPa,断裂伸长率由141%降至40.6%。

Preparation and Performance of GAP-ETPE/NC Polymer Blends

GAP-ETPE/NC polymer blends were prepared using glycidyl azide polymer(GAP) based energetic thermoplastic elastomer(ETPE) and nitrocellulose(NC) with different mass ratios by solution blending process. The structure of the GAP-ETPE/NC polymer blends was characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR) and wide X-ray diffraction(WXRD). The thermal and mechanical properties were investigated by dynamic mechanic analysis(DMA), universal testing machine, shore durometer, and thermogravimetric(TG) analysis. Results show that the prepared GAP-ETPE/NC polymer blends have typical features of azido-typed polyether-based polyurethane and nitrocellulose. Compared to NC, their structural compatibility and thermal stability are certainly improved. Besides, the degree of crystallinity and orientation is promoted with increasing of NC content, which increase the strength and modulus of polymer blends. Meanwhile, there are significant improvements of elongation and low-temperature mechanical properties with the increasing of the GAP-ETPE content. When the mass fraction between GAP-ETPE and NC decreases from 5/5 to 3/7, the tensile strength increases from 20.7 MPa to 39.2 MPa, while breaking elongation decreases from 141% to 40.6% for GAP-ETPE/NC polymer blends.