由脱灰煤制备富勒烯

以 3种高变质程度的中国煤为原料 ,用电弧等离子体蒸发法制备富勒烯 .富勒烯产品的表征采用质谱、紫外光谱和红外光谱等技术 .采用碱法脱灰技术对 3种煤进行脱灰处理 ,考察了脱灰前后煤样的灰分和相应炭棒中碳含量对富勒烯产率的影响 .结果表明 ,由实验所用煤种均可制得富勒烯 .原料煤本身的化学结构和组成对富勒烯的产率有明显影响 ,表现为富勒烯的产率随炭棒中碳含量的增加而增大 .煤中的矿物质对富勒烯的形成有很强的抑制作用 ,表现为富勒烯的产率随原料煤中灰分的增加而降低 ,这一变化趋势通过对介休焦煤进行不同程度的脱灰处理而得到进一步证实.

PREPARATION OF FULLERENES FROM THREE HIGH RANK COALS: EFFECT OF MINERAL MATTERS

Fullerenes are prepared from three high rank coals by arc plasma evaporation in helium. The results show that Chinese coals are potential candidates for producing fullerenes,and the yields of fullerenes are related to the properties of raw coals,such as ash content in coal and carbon content in coke electrodes made from coals.Because coal contains weak covalent bonds linking macromolecular structural units with a number of aromatic rings,large fragments can coexist in the arc plasma together with C 1 and C 2 units.This implies that these large fragments may play an important role in forming fullerenes.It is also found that the fullerene yields decrease as the ash content in coal increases,and increase with increasing carbon content in coal-based coke electrodes.The demineralization treatment is of great help to fullerene formation.The fullerene yield from Fengfeng coal after demineralization treatment is 6.51%,which is comparable to that obtained by using graphite under similar experimental conditions.