碳酸钾催化酯交换合成碳酸二丁酯的研究

研究了碳酸二甲酯（DMC）与正丁醇（n-BuOH）酯交换合成碳酸二正丁酯（DBC）的反应，筛选出合成碳酸二正丁酯的催化剂。考察了物料配比、温度和时间诸因素对反应的影响。结果表明，K₂CO₃具有较好的催化活性和选择性。得出了该反应最佳工艺条件：常压，反应温度140 ℃，反应时间4 h，n(DMC)∶n(n-BuOH)=1∶3。在催化剂用量为原料总质量的1%的条件下，DMC转化率为89.1%，DBC收率为86.9%，DBC选择性为97.6%，甲基丁基碳酸酯（MBC）收率为2.2%，碳酸二异丁酯(DIBC)的收率为70.0%，碳酸二叔丁酯（DTBC）收率为10.3%。

Synthesis of dibutyl carbonate by transesterification over potassium carbonate catalyst

A transesterification process for synthesis of dibutyl carbonate from dimethyl carbonate and butanol was studied. The influences of ratio of reactants, reaction temperature and reaction time were investigated, and optimum conditions were obtained as follows: ambient pressure，reaction temperature 140 ℃，reaction time 4 h，n(DMC)∶n(n-BuOH)=1∶3. The results showed that potassium carbonate (K₂CO₃) exhibited high activity and selectivity for the reaction. DMC conversion of 89.1%, selectivity to DBC of 97.6%, MBC yield of 2.2%, DBC yield of 86.9%, di-iso-butyl carbonate yield of 700% and di-ter-butyl carbonate yield of 10.3% were obtained under reaction time 4 h, temperature 140 ℃ and n(DMC)∶n(BuOH) =1∶3.