益生菌的安全性评价

过去几十年，益生菌被广泛应用于食品和医药等领域.选择和应用益生菌时，不仅要考虑益生菌的功能特性，安全性也是必须要考虑的方面.随着科学的不断发展，对益生菌的安全性认识也在发生变化，传统益生菌的安全性需要重新评价，新的益生菌菌种也不断地开发， 这些新菌种在使用前也应进行安全性评价.目前我国需要完善对这些新菌种进行系统的安全性评价的程序.本文综述了益生菌潜在的危险因素、转基因益生菌的安全性，安全性评价程序和国外如美国、欧盟、德国等国对益生菌的评价体系。

Safety Evaluation of Probiotics

During the past several decades, probiotics have been increasingly applied in food and medicine industry. Not only the trait of function but also the safety should be considered in the selection and use of probiotics. With the development of science, safety criteria of probiotics have been changing too. Traditional probiotics need re-evaluation. New probiotic strains are increasingly developed, and they need evaluation too. And updated new probiotic strains evaluation procedure is needed in China. This article reviews potential risk factors of probiotics, the safety of genetically modified probiotics, the safety evaluation procedure and its at safety assessment in American, EU, Germany etc.