等离子-MIG焊在有色金属焊接中的应用研究现状及展望

随着复合焊接成为焊接领域的热点,等离子-MIG焊作为一种高能量束流的焊接方法得到了广泛的研究,等离子-MIG焊具备阴极雾化的功能,有利于清理金属表面的氧化膜,对有色金属焊接有独特的优势。介绍了同轴式和旁轴式等离子-MIG焊的工作原理及优缺点,从数值模拟、控制与监测方法、工艺参数研究3个方面对等离子-MIG焊在有色金属焊接中的应用研究现状进行了分析。分析结果表明,等离子-MIG焊在铝合金材料焊接中研究进展显著,已经能够实现高质量的焊接,并开展了在镁、铜等其他有色金属焊接方面的研究,取得了一定的效果。最后对等离子-MIG焊的应用前景和发展方向进行了展望,等离子MIG焊在双电弧耦合机理、多物理场的协同工作、系统稳定性等方面还有待深入研究。

Current Status and Prospect of Applying Plasma-MIG Welding in Nonferrous Metals

With the wide popularity of hybrid welding, plasma-MIG welding had been widely studied as a welding method with high energy beam. Plasma-MIG welding has the function of cathode atomization, which is helpful for cleaning the oxide film on the metal surface, and has unique advantages for non-ferrous metal welding. The paper elaborated the principles, advantages and disadvantages of coaxial and paraxial plasma-MIG welding. In addition, the research status of plasma-MIG welding in non-ferrous metal welding was analyzed from three aspects of numerical simulation, control and monitoring methods and technological parameter studies. Analytical results showed significant progress in the research on plasma-MIG welding among methods of welding aluminum alloys. Plasma-MIG welding was proved to be a high-quality welding method. Besides, it was found to also work well in welding other nonferrous metals, e.g., magnesium or copper. Finally, the paper forecasted the application prospect and development direction of plasma-MIG welding. Plasma-MIG welding needs to be further studied in terms of double-arc coupling mechanism, multi-physics cooperation, and system stability.