长江经济带城市生态效率时空格局及驱动因子探测

研究区域生态效率的时空格局,并探讨其形成机制,对于引导城市生态文明建设和实现区域可持续发展具有重要意义。利用DEA模型和空间自相关,系统研究了2006～2016年长江经济带108个城市生态效率的时空格局特征和演化规律,并利用地理探测器模型对其驱动因子进行探测。研究表明:①2006～2016年长江经济带城市生态效率一直处于较高水平,呈波动递增趋势,上、中、下游3个地区的城市生态效率差距在逐年缩小。②空间格局上,长江经济带的城市生态效率类型差异显著,由"东高西低"格局向"多中心"格局转变。③从空间集聚变化看,长江经济带的生态效率空间相关性很小,集聚特征不明显。④生态效率受多种因子共同作用,不同年份的主导因素存在显著差异,各因子在上、中、下游地区表现出明显的地域性和差异性。

Temporal and spatial patterns and driving factors of urban ecological efficiency in Yangtze River Economic Belt

Studying the temporal and spatial pattern of regional ecological efficiency and exploring its formation mechanism is of great significance for guiding urban ecological civilization construction and achieving regional sustainable development. Based on the DEA model and spatial autocorrelation theory, this study systematically investigated the spatial and temporal pattern characteristics and evolution law of 108 cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2006 to 2016. Then the geographical detector model was used to detect its driving factors and its formation mechanism. The research results showed that the economic efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was at a relatively high level and increased in a fluctuated from 2006 to 2016. The urban ecological efficiency gap in the upper, middle and lower reaches decreased year by year. For the spatial pattern, the types of urban eco-efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt were significantly different, and transformed from the “east high and west low” pattern to the “multi-center” pattern. From the perspective of spatial agglomeration, the spatial correlation of the eco-efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt was low and the agglomeration characteristic was not obvious. Ecological efficiency was affected by many factors. Dominant factors were different in different years and showed obvious regional and differential characteristics in the upper, middle and lower reaches.