基于激光散射特性的路面识别智能车设计

为了实现自主驾驶车辆的不同路面识别功能,该文首先设计制作了电驱动自动驾驶智能车,包含基于STC12C5A60S2芯片的主控电路,7.2 V转5 V～6 V电源分配模块,基于L298芯片的驱动电路,舵机HG14-M实现转向功能,欧姆龙E6A2-CW3C编码器实现速度反馈,无线模块NRF24L01与上位机通讯。进行激光后向散射特性理论研究与实验,制作以BH1750FVI为核心的高分辨率数字型光强度采集模块,设计安装车载激光后向散射测量装置,单片机与上位机LabVIEW监控系统进行无线通讯,实现不同路面识别。实验结果表明,智能车可以对不同粗糙度路面进行区分。该方法对于提高自动驾驶车辆的安全性具有重要意义。

Design of Road Recognition Intelligent Vehicle Based on Laser Scattering Characteristics

In order to achieve the autonomous driving of the vehicle different roads recognition,design the intelligent electric automatic driving vehicle,includes main control circuit based on STC12 C5 A60 S2 chip,7.2 V to 5 V^6 V power distribution module,based on the L298 drive circuit chip,steering gear HG14-M realize steering function,omron E6 A2-CW3 C encoder feedback speed,wireless communication module NRF24 L01 and the upper machine.Carry out theoretical research and experiment on laser backscattering characteristics,make a high-resolution digital light intensity acquisition module with BH1750 FVI as the core,design and install vehicle-mounted laser backscattering measurement device,and conduct wireless communication between MCU and upper computer LABVIEW monitoring system to realize road recognition.The experimental results show that the intelligent vehicle can distinguish different road surfaces.This method is of great significance to improve the safety of autonomous vehicles.