页岩油气发展的中国之鉴——致密油气和煤层气

为探索出一条中国页岩气发展的成功之路，从国内致密油气成功规模开发所形成的技术基础，到对煤层气长期发展迟缓的原因分析这两个方面进行了讨论。结果认为：①美国正是将致密油气开发中的技术应用于煤层气和页岩油气并使之适应其特点而取得了非常规油气生产的快速发展；②中国致密油气开发已取得重大进展，其技术总体上达到国际先进水平，也由此奠定了中国页岩油气发展的雄厚技术基础，使之能在适应中国特殊地质条件和不同页岩类型中完善核心技术与设备的国产化，进而形成配套技术体系；③中国煤层气起步早，有一定资源、技术基础，但发展迟缓，关键的影响因素是难以取得勘探开发区块以及不同企业之间的相互制约，垄断体制不仅限制了地方和民营企业的进入而且也没能发挥大型油企的积极性，因而投资严重不足，造成冷清的局面，这些障碍也正是页岩油气发展的前车之鉴，不进行改革并完善法规，非常规油气产业难以顺利发展。

Lessons for shale oil & gas development from that of tight oil & gas and coalbed methane gas in China

This paper aims to explore a smoother way to success for shale oil & gas development in China. Thus, a discussion was made focusing on the technological base successfully established for the commercial production of tight hydrocarbons and the reason analysis of sluggish CBM development for a long time. The following conclusions were made. a. The United States has made great success in recovery and production of unconventional hydrocarbons such as CBM and shale oil & gas with the help of technologies previously applied to the tight hydrocarbon resource development. b. China has also made progress in the recovery of tight oil and gas with techniques as a whole at an international advanced level, which also provides a solid base of technologies for the development of shale oil and gas; the core technology will be completed and key equipment will be made in China to adapt for special geological conditions and different shale types, as a result, a complete set of techniques will be gained. c. CBM gas development started early in China with certain resources and technical base but its sluggish development are attributed to the following aspects: inaccessible blocks for CBM gas exploration and development, interaction between different enterprises, and in particular the administrative monopoly system, which neither encourages those local and private companies to enter into CBM gas development, nor mobilize the initiative of giant oil and gas companies. That is why the investment passion has been hurt by the resulted discouraging situation. The above lessons should be well learned from for shale oil and gas development; the reform is urgently needed to complete the related laws and regulations in order to promote the smooth development of unconventional hydrocarbon resources in China.