Low-cost flights in the Jovian system using Tisserand coordinates

Real ephemeris have been used to develop an algorithm for overcoming the “paradox of solo perturbations” for mass calculations in the simulation of gravity assist maneuvers in the Jovian system to approach to one of its satellites. The zone of excessive total ionizing dose is bypassed on the upper corridor of the Tisserand—Poincaré graph. Simultaneously, we perform a low-cost reduction of the asymptotic speed of the spacecraft required for approaching. These scenarios can be synthesized when the model of a restricted three-body problem is replaced by a pair of restricted three-body problems and the problem of four or more bodies. To derive a criterion that launches a given model, new Tisserand coordinates are introduced. Their usage shows that gravity cross-maneuvers are required at an early stage of the reduction of the spacecraft’s orbital period. As a result, a reasonable increase in the mission’s duration can be replaced by a sharp decline in the resulting ionizing dose and scenarios (comfortable with respect to this parameter and efficient in terms of the characteristic velocity consumption) for tours in the Jovian system (less than 70 krad for a standard protection of the Galileo spacecraft of 8 mm Al). This provides a considerable gain in the spacecraft payload for missions to Jupiter and makes it possible to enhance the reliability of the scientific equipment.