叠前偏移及储层预测技术研发进展与应用

为满足油气勘探开发的地质需求，在叠前深度偏移、地震储层综合预测等技术研发上有了新的进展。地震偏移成像技术实现了由叠后到叠前、从时间域向深度域、从积分法到差分法、从单程波到双程波的跨越， Lightning叠前深度偏移软件的研发使用，显著提升了叠前偏移处理能力和成像精度。曲率、纹理等地震新属性提取与分析、叠前弹性反演技术的开发，不断丰富和完善了储层预测的技术手段。储层预测对象由常规储层到特殊及非常规储层，预测技术从叠后走向叠前、从单一走向综合，预测能力从定性向半定量和定量的提升，预测参数从几何形态向孔渗性及含流体性的发展。叠前深度偏移和储层预测新技术的针对性应用，改善了山前、盐下、碳酸盐岩和低幅度圈闭等复杂圈闭目标的成像效果，提高了非均质碳酸盐岩和薄砂层等复杂储层的预测精度，在复杂油气藏的勘探开发中发挥了重要作用。

Progress and applications of prestack migration and reservoir forecasting technology

In order to meet geological needs of oil and gas exploration and development,new progress has been made in the research and development of prestack depth migration and integrated forecast of seismic reservoir.Seismic migration imaging technology has gotten the historic spanning from poststack to prestack,from time domain to depth domain,from integral difference method to difference method and from one-way wave to two-way wave.Development and use of Lightning pre-stack depth migration software have significantly enhanced the pre-stack migration processing capacity and imaging accuracy.Reservoir forecasting technological means have been enriched and improved constantly with extraction and analysis of curvature,texture and other new seismic attribute and development of prestack elastic inversion technique.The predicting targets have changed from conventional reservoirs to special and unconventional reservoirs.Forecasting technology have developed from prestack,single to poststack,integrated.Forecasting capability has improved from qualitative to semi-quantitative and quantitative and the forecasting parameters have evolved from the geometry to pore permeability and fluid bearing.Applying the new prestack depth migration and reservoir forecast techniques to the area where they are necessary can enhance imaging results of complex trap targets,such as piedmont,subsalt,carbonate rock and low-relief trap,so that forecast accuracy of non-homogeneous carbonate rock,thin sand layer and other complex reservoirs can be improved.In summary,the progress of the techniques mentioned has played an important role in the exploration and development of complex hydrocarbon reservoir.