河流生态系统研究的理论框架

讨论了河流生态系统研究的时空尺度，论述了景观、流域、河流廊道和河段4种空间尺度间的关系。阐述了河流生态系统研究的4种背景系统，即自然系统、经济系统、社会系统和工程系统。归纳了水文情势、河流地貌、流态和水质等4个主要生境要素。本文还进一步讨论了科学范式和模型的概念，介绍了多种重要生态系统结构与功能模型，提出了描述非生命变量和生命变量之间关系的河流生态系统结构与功能整体模型。最后，讨论了科学研究对于制定流域管理战略的意义以及相关技术开发的方向。

Framework of research on fluvial ecosystem

The temporal and spatial scales for research on river ecosystem are discussed and the relationships among different spatial scales such as landscape, river basin, river corridor and river section are analyzed. The background systems including nature system, economy system, social system and engineering system are demonstrated. The key habitat factors including the hydrological regime, fluvial geomorphology, flow pattern and water quality are summarized. On this basis the concept of fluvial paradigm and relevant model are discussed. Some existing important concepts of river ecosystem and models are reviewed. The holistic river ecosystem structure and function model describing the relationship between abiotic variable and biologic variable are suggested. The methodology for constituting river management strategy based on study of river ecosystem is recommended. Finally, the development trend of river ecological technology is discussed.