论炸药和岩石的能量匹配

论述了炸药和岩石的阻抗匹配、全过程匹配和能量匹配的基本原理。传统的阻抗匹配以阻抗为基础，要求炸药阻抗等于或近似等于岩石的波阻抗。全过程匹配要求弹性摸量大、泊松比小的坚硬、致密岩石选用高威力炸药；松软、塑性大、强度低的岩石选用爆速低、爆热高的炸药。从能量匹配原理可知，破碎岩石所做功的能量应与炸药爆破产生的能量相等或基本相等，因此可通过增减装药量来调整作药爆破能量，以适应破碎岩石的需要。

ON ENERGY MATCH BETWE EXPLOSIVE AND ROCK

In this paper the essential principles about impedance match, whole process match and energy match between explosive and rock are descri-bed.The traditional impedance match takes impedance as the theoretic base,which requires explosive impedance is equal to or approximately equal to rock wave impedance,but it is difficult to meet the requirements.Although there are different theories to analyse whole process match, practice is the same as impedance match that the hard and dense rock with high elasticity modulus and small Poisson°s ratio requires to choose high power explosive,the soft rock with large plasticity and low strength requires to choose low-velocity explosive with high explosion heat.Energy match takes the Law of Conservation of Energy as a theoretical base,which requires energy quantity doing work for breaking rock is equal to or approximately equal to energy quantity from explosive explosion only,so that explosive quantity can be ad-justed to hard or soft rocks which need the different energy quantity doing work to adapt energy from explosive explosion for breaking rock.This paper also gives some calculation examples.