Efficacy of increasing discharge to reduce tow-mediated fish passage across an electric dispersal barrier system in a confined channel |
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Authors: | Jessica Z LeRoy Jeremiah J Davis Matthew R Shanks P Ryan Jackson Elizabeth A Murphy Carey L Baxter Jonathan C Trovillion Michael K McInerney |
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Affiliation: | 1. U.S. Geological Survey, Central Midwest Water Science Center, Urbana, IL, United States of America;2. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Carterville Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, IL;3. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Chicago District, Chicago, IL, United States of America;4. U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research & Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Lab, Champaign, IL, United States of America |
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Abstract: | The Electric Dispersal Barrier System (EDBS) in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal (CSSC) was built to limit the interbasin transfer of aquatic invasive species between the Mississippi River Basin and the Great Lakes Basin. Commercial barge traffic, or tows, moving downstream through the EDBS can facilitate the upstream passage of small fish through the barrier by reducing the voltage gradient of the barrier and causing localized upstream return currents. This study tested whether it is possible to prevent upstream passage of small fish across the barrier by preventing upstream return currents. Measurements of water velocity, voltage gradient, and tow speed, as well as sonar-based observations of resident fish, were made as a tow transited the EDBS moving downstream. The results indicate that upstream return currents can be prevented for typical flow conditions in the CSSC (ambient velocity = 0.15 to 0.23 m/s) when tow speeds are <0.46 m/s. Similarly, increasing the ambient velocity above typical values can prevent upstream return currents for faster tow speeds and larger tows. Additionally, preventing upstream return currents at the EDBS may reduce, but does not prevent, tow-mediated upstream fish passages because tows also cause a temporary reduction in the streamwise voltage gradient at the EDBS. These results have implications for the management of invasive bigheaded carps in the Illinois Waterway. |
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Keywords: | Corresponding author Bighead carp Silver carp Lake Michigan Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal Electric Dispersal Barrier System Barge |
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