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A prototype of very high resolution small animal PET scanner using silicon pad detectors |
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| Authors: | Park Sang-June Leslie Rogers W Huh Sam Kagan Harris Honscheid Klaus Burdette Don Chesi Enrico Lacasta Carlos Llosa Gabriela Mikuz Marko Studen Andrej Weilhammer Peter Clinthorne Neal H |
| Affiliation: | aDepartment of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA bDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA cDepartment of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA dCERN, Geneva, Switzerland eIFIC/University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain fDepartment of Experimental Particle Physics, Institut Jozef Stefan/University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia gDepartment of Physics, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy hDivision of Nuclear Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA |
| Abstract: | A very high-resolution small animal positron emission tomograph (PET), which can achieve sub-millimeter spatial resolution, is being developed using silicon pad detectors. The prototype PET for a single slice instrument consists of two 1 mm thick silicon pad detectors, each containing a 32×16 array of 1.4×1.4 mm pads readout with four VATAGP3 chips which have 128 channels low-noise self-triggering ASIC in each chip, coincidence units, a source turntable and tungsten slice collimator. The silicon detectors were located edgewise on opposite sides of a 4 cm field-of-view to maximize efficiency. Energy resolution is dominated by electronic noise, which is 0.98% (1.38 keV) FWHM at 140.5 keV. Coincidence timing resolution is 82.1 ns FWHM and coincidence efficiency was measured to be 1.04×10−3% from two silicon detectors with annihilation photons of 18F source. Image data were acquired and reconstructed using conventional 2-D filtered-back projection (FBP) and a maximum likelihood expectation maximization (ML-EM) method. Image resolution of approximately 1.45 mm FWHM is obtained from 1-D profile of 1.1 mm diameter 18F line source image. Even better resolution can be obtained with smaller detector element sizes. While many challenges remain in scaling up the instrument to useful efficiency including densely packed detectors and significantly improved timing resolution, performance of the test setup in terms of easily achieving sub-millimeter resolution is compelling. |
| Keywords: | Very high resolution Positron emission tomograph (PET) Silicon pad detector VATAGP3 ASIC |
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