Effect of intumescent ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and melamine cyanurate (MC) on the properties of epoxy/glass fiber composites |
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| Authors: | W.K. Patrick Lim M. Mariatti W.S. Chow K.T. Mar |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia;2. Intel Technology (M) Sdn. Bhd., 11900 Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia;1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Special Functional Waterproof Materials, Beijing Oriental Yuhong Waterproof Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing 101309, China;3. State Key Laboratory of Organic -Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China;4. Sichuan Fire Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security, Chengdu 610036, China;1. Center for Degradable and Flame-Retardant Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, National Engineering Laboratory of Eco-Friendly Polymeric Materials (Sichuan), Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China;2. Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7202, USA;1. College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;2. College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China |
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| Abstract: | The effects of halogen-free flame retardants (FR) such as intumescent ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and melamine cyanurate (MC) on the flammability and mechanical properties of epoxy/glass fiber composite systems were studied. Overall, intumescent APP shows better flammability results compared with MC. The composite with 5 vol.% APP performed sufficiently well in the UL-94 test and LOI, whereas 20 vol.% MC is required to achieve similar results. The addition of 1 vol.% MC into 4 vol.% APP had shown some improvement on the composite flame resistance. The composite attains the maximum flexural strength at 15 vol.% while the dynamic mechanical analysis shows that the addition of flame retardants increased the storage modulus but did not change the glass transition temperature Tg. |
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