Managing emergencies and abnormal situations in air traffic control (part I): Taskwork strategies |
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Authors: | Stathis Malakis Tom Kontogiannis |
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Affiliation: | a Hellenic Civil Aviation Authority, Rhodes/Diagoras Int. Airport ATC Department, Michail Petridi 78, 85100 Rhodes, Greece b Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece c Eurocontrol Experimental Centre, Bretigny-sur-Orges, France |
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Abstract: | A lot of research in Air Traffic Control (ATC) has focused on human errors in decision making whilst little attention has been paid to the cognitive strategies employed by controllers in managing abnormal situations. This study looks into cognitive strategies in taskwork that enable controllers to become resilient decision-makers. Two field studies were carried out where novice and experienced controllers were observed in simulator training in emergency and unusual scenarios. A prototype model of taskwork strategies in air traffic management was developed and its construct validity was tested in the context of the field studies. A companion study (part II), follows that investigates aspects of teamwork in the same field and contributes to the development of a generic model of Taskwork & Teamwork strategies in Emergencies in Air traffic Management (T2EAM). The final section addresses the difficulties experienced by novice controllers and explains taskwork strategies employed by experts to manage uncertainty and balance workload in simulator emergencies. |
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Keywords: | Air traffic control Cognitive strategies Decision making Taskwork |
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