Sub-ambient cold-start emissions reduction using SwRI® PO x catalyst technology |
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Authors: | Bartley Gordon J J |
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Affiliation: | 1.Department of Engine & Emissions Research, Southwest Research Institute?, 6220 Culebra Road, San Antonio, TX, 78238, USA ; |
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Abstract: | This paper describes the application of SwRI’s cold-start PO
x
catalyst technology to reduce cold-start hydrocarbon emissions from a US Tier 2 vehicle at −7 °C. A reduction in −7 °C (20
°F) cold-start hydrocarbons will help US Tier 2 vehicles meet the proposed EPA NMOG standards. Improvements in cold temperature
hydrocarbon emissions would also be beneficial in many parts of Europe during the winter months. In this work, a total hydrocarbon
reduction of 19% was realized at 24 °C, in line with previous results, but only up to 3% at −7 °C. Insufficient oxygen in
the engine-out exhaust gas at −7 °C was determined to be the reason why the PO
x
catalyst failed to significantly reduce HC emissions. Addition of supplemental oxygen to the exhaust during the cold-start,
to simulate an adjustment in the engine calibration to less rich operation, resulted in a total hydrocarbon reduction of 18%
with the PO
x
catalysts in place, but no benefit when the PO
x
catalysts were removed. Hence, the PO
x
catalyst approach can be used to good effect, even under sub-ambient cold-start conditions. |
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Keywords: | cold-start hydrocarbon − 7 °C 20 °F PO x catalysis FTP-75 vehicle emissions |
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