内热式多级连续真空炉炉温均匀性的测定及改善

内热式多级连续真空炉广泛应用于二元合金的分离中，但由于炉膛冷凝罩内温度均匀性差而影响了产品质量。真空炉温度控制水平不高是导致真空炉炉温均匀性差，制约真空炉广泛应用和发展的重要原因。本文以内热式多级连续真空炉温度控制为研究对象，利用模糊算法离线整定PID（由比例单元P、积分单元I和微分单元D组成的控制器）参数，得到了较为理想的控制效果。同时利用有限元法分析真空炉温度场分布规律并依此安装测量热电偶，在未加料的情况下测量结果表明：利用模糊算法整定PID参数后炉膛内各测试点温度偏差较改善前明显缩小，偏差降低率最小为2.38％，最大为6.35％。提高了真空炉冶炼合金的种类范围和产品质量。

Determination and Improvement of Temperature Uniformity in Internal Heating Type Multistage Continuous Vacuum Furnace

Internal heating type multistage continuous vacuum furnace is widely used in Separation of two element alloy. However, the temperature uniformity in condensing cover affect the quality of the products. Poor temperature control level is a main factor induces the temperature uniformity and restricts the wide application and development of vacuum furnace. In this article, with the temperature control of the Internal heating type multistage continuous vacuum furnace as the research object, using fuzzy algorithm off-line tuning PID parameters, a much more satisfactory control effect wasobtained. At the same time a- nalysis of vacuum furnace temperature field distribution by finite element method was conducted. And the measuring thermocouple was installed according to this distribution. The result withthe absence of material conditions suggest that： the deviation of each test point in Internal heating type multistage continuous vac- uum furnace is improved obviously compared with before under the use of fuzzy algorithm for tuning PID parameters of furnace temperature. The rate of reductionin deviation is from 2.38% to 6.35%. The alloy smelting vacuumrange and the quality of the products was improved greatly.