大型公共场所突发事件下人员疏散仿真研究

随着突发事件的频繁发生,人员疏散任务日益紧迫.针对突发事件下恐慌心理对人员疏散的影响,采用元胞自动机理论对人员疏散进行建模,提出逃生收益的概念,引入动态参数来描述逃生人员的逃生目的性及其周围的逃生环境,并分析了人员恐慌心理对逃生行人流产生的影响及由此形成的一些基本规律,如人群拱形分布、拥塞、间歇性出口人流等.仿真结果表明,运用逃生收益规则对人员紧急疏散的模拟很好地再现了人员紧急疏散过程及疏散状况,其模型更能体现真实的疏散情况.

Simulation study of urgent evacuation in large public place

The task of evacuation is increasingly urgent with the frequent occurrence of emergency.For the influence of emergency panic psychology to personnel evacuation,the cellular automata theory is adopted to simulate the evacuation,the concept of escape income is put forward,and dynamic parameters are introduced to describe escape personnel’s purpose and surrounding escape environment,the influence of personnel panic psychology on escape line poured is analyzed and thus it forms some basic rules,such as crowd arched distribution,congestion,intermittent exports flow,etc.Simulation results show that the rule of escape income for an emergency evacuation simulation reproduces well an emergency evacuation procedure and evacuation conditions,and the model reflects the actual evacuation better.