超声波辅助溶剂处理废白土技术的实验研究

采用超声波辅助复合溶剂脱附萃取工艺提取废白土中的油,考察超声波频率、溶剂用量、处理温度、时间、处理次数对废白土中油分回收率的影响,并与传统的搅拌处理工艺相比较。结果表明:以100 g废白土(含油31.2 g)为例,超声波处理的最佳工艺条件为超声波频率68 kHz、溶剂用量80 mL、温度30 ℃、时间 10 min ,非极性溶剂抽提2次、混合溶剂抽提2次;在最佳工艺条件下,总油分回收量可达30.4 g;要达到相同的效果,传统搅拌工艺需要更高的温度、更长的处理时间和更多的溶剂;回收的理想油符合基础油特性,再生白土的吸附能力大部分得到恢复,可用于润滑油补充精制。超声波辅助溶剂处理废白土工艺技术上可行,每处理1 t白土可得经济效益4 799元。

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SOLVENT TREATMENT OF WASTE CLAY WITH ULTRASONIC ASSISTED TECHNOLOGY

The feasibility of solvent technology treatment of oily spent clay by ultrasonic assisted was studied. The influences of the ultrasonic frequency, solvent dosage, treatment temperature and time as well as treatment times on the oil yield were investigated. The results indicated that the optimal treatment conditions were as follows: 30℃, extract time 10 min, 100g spent clay, ultrasonic frequency 68 kHz, solvent dosage 80 mL, twice extract with nonpolar solvent, and then extract with a mixed solvent two times. Under these conditions, the total oil recovery amount was 30.4 g. For the same effect, a higher temperature and longer treatment time an d more solvents are required just with traditional stirring method. The ideal oil extracted from spent clay possessed characteristics as naphthenic base oil; the regenerated clay recovered most of its adsorption capacity, and could be reused for lubricating oil refining. It is concluded that the ultrasonic assisted solvent treatment of spent clay is technically feasible and economically advantageous.