橡胶材料辐照老化的研究进展

核工业、航空航天等涉及高能粒子射线的领域，橡胶材料受辐照影响较大，容易失效，有必要深入研究橡胶材料的辐照老化，进而改善橡胶材料的耐辐照性能。从橡胶材料辐照老化的影响因素、辐照对橡胶材料性能的影响、提升橡胶材料耐辐照性能的方法3个方面，综述国内外橡胶材料辐照老化的研究进展；指出橡胶材料辐照老化研究主要存在两方面的不足，一方面是辐照老化影响因素的研究还处在单一因素的研究阶段，多因素协同作用对材料的影响研究较少，另一方面是从分子结构上提高橡胶材料耐辐照性能的研究甚少；建议未来橡胶材料辐照老化研究应从多影响因素的协同作用和全新分子结构的耐辐照材料的角度开展。

Review of Irradiation Aging of Rubber Materials

Rubber materials are greatly affected by irradiation and are prone to failure in the fields of nuclear,aerospace and other fields involving high-energy particle irradiation.It is necessary to further study the irradiation aging of rubber materials to improve the irradiation resistance of rubber materials.The research progress of irradiation aging of rubber materials at home and abroad was reviewed from three aspects,including the influencing factors of irradiation aging of rubber materials,the effects of irradiation on the properties of rubber materials and the methods to improve the irradiation resistance of rubber materials.It was pointed out that there are two main deficiencies in the study of irradiation aging of rubber materials.On the one hand,the research on the factors affecting irradiation aging is still in the stage of single factor research,and the research on the effects of multi-factor synergy on materials is less.On the other hand,there is little research on improving the irradiation resistance of rubber materials from the molecular structure.It is suggested that the future research on the irradiation aging of rubber materials should be carried out more from the perspective of the synergy of multiple factors and the irradiation resistant materials with new molecular structure.