黑曲霉菌对Ge镀增透膜层的腐蚀行为研究

为开发新型保护膜系和光学系统的防霉设计提供数据支撑，了解Ge镀增透膜层在黑曲霉环境下的腐蚀行为，有助于提高红外窗口材料的环境适应性。通过霉菌加速试验，采用荧光显微镜、扫描电镜、X射线光电子能谱等，研究黑曲霉菌对Ge镀增透膜层样品的腐蚀行为及影响规律。黑曲霉菌为产酸型微生物，在稳定期时，它的生物量最高，细胞代谢产物的积累达到高峰，在对数生长阶段，由其引起的生长环境pH值变化显著，增加了环境的酸度；黑曲霉菌初始以Ge镀增透膜层样品表层吸附的碳元素为营养粘附于样品表面，并在样品表面大量繁殖，消耗样品表层的碳含量，随着黑曲霉菌的大量繁殖，样品表面的pH值也随之降低，样品表面的金属元素被氧化，开始逐步溶解，Ge镀增透膜层样品表层的锗元素、锌元素相继被剥离，参与反应后，样品的表层形貌被破坏严重，形成了大量的腐蚀坑。黑曲霉菌对Ge镀增透膜层的腐蚀行为以点蚀方式为主，它的生长代谢作用促进Ge镀增透膜层的腐蚀。

Study on Corrosion Behavior of Aspergillus niger on Ge Antireflection Coating

The objective was to understand the corrosion behavior of the Ge antireflection coating in Aspergillus niger, provide data support for the development of novel protective film systems and the anti-mold design of optical systems, and improve the environmental adaptability of infrared materials. The method was to study the corrosion behavior and influence law of Aspergillus niger on the Ge antireflection coating samples via fungus-accelerated tests using fluorescence microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that Aspergillus niger is an acid-producing microorganism; in the stable phase, its biomass was the highest, and the accumulation of cell metabolites peaked. In the logarithmic growth phase, it caused significant changes in the pH value of the growth environment, which increased environmental acidity. Carbon was adsorbed on the surface layer of the Ge antireflection coating, then the Aspergillus niger used it as nutrition to adhere to the surface of the sample, and multiply on its surface, thereby consuming the carbon content of the surface. With the proliferation of Aspergillus niger, the pH of the sample surface also decreased, and the metal elements on the sample surface were oxidized and gradually dissolved. The Ge and Zn on the surface of the Ge antireflection coating sample were successively peeled off. After participating in the reaction, the surface morphology of the sample was severely damaged and a large number of corrosion pits were formed. It was inferred that the corrosion behavior of Aspergillus niger on the Ge antireflection coating samples was mainly pitting corrosion, and that growth metabolism promoted the corrosion of antireflective coatings.