标准曲线配制对电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定饮用水中重金属元素的影响研究

采用容量法和称量法分别配制了ICP-MS法的标准工作曲线,并测定了生活饮用水中铅和镍的含量,对两种方法的不确定度进行评定。对不确定度的来源进行了全面分析,评定了各不确定度分量并合成了扩展不确定度。按照建立的不确定度评定方法得到容量法相对不确定度为urel(Pb)=2.8%,urel(Ni)=2.4%;称量法相对不确定度为urel(Pb)=1.6%,urel(Ni)=1.0%。所建立的不确定度评定程序适用于ICP-MS法测定饮用水中重金属元素含量的不确定度评定。通过比较两种方法的不确定度及相关分量贡献,从标准溶液配制的角度提出完善ICP-MS分析方法的途径,为加强饮用水中重金属检测、确保水质安全提供科学依据。

Study on the Influence of Standard Curve Preparation on Heavy Metals Analysis in Drinking Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry Method

The element contents of lead and nickel in drinking water were determined by ICP-MS method, and uncertainties of the two approaches preparing standard curves including volumetric method and weighing method were evaluated. The sources of uncertainty were analyzed, and the components of uncertainty were evaluated and the expanded uncertainty was synthesized. According to the established uncertainty evaluation method, the relative uncertainty of volumetric method is urel(Pb)=2.8%,urel(Ni)=2.4%; the relative uncertainty of weighing method is urel(Pb)=1.6%,urel(Ni)=1.0%. The established uncertainty evaluation procedure is suitable for the determination of heavy metal elements in drinking water by ICP-MS. By comparing the uncertainty and relative component contribution of the volumetric method and weighing method, improvements were proposed from the perspective of standard solution configuration. The scientific basis for strengthening the detection of heavy metals in drinking water was provided and the safety of water quality was ensured.