阀配流水压柱塞泵的回冲射流及其容积损失

为揭示水压柱塞泵配流阀对泵容积效率的影响程度,设计了阀配流柱塞泵可视化实验装置。通过高速摄像系统清晰观测到柱塞泵中回冲射流现象及形态特征。以阀芯瞬态位移、泵腔压力实测数据为边界条件进行配流阀动网格流场仿真,并进行瞬时流量积分,获得了排水阀回冲射流引起的柱塞泵容积损失数值。结果表明:在1500 r/min转速下,回冲射流时长占柱塞排水周期的30%,约为6 ms,阀芯存在多次振荡且伴随着射流空化;回冲射流造成泵容积效率的损失约为5.3%。

Backflushing Jet and Flow Loss in Distribution Valve of Water Piston Pump

In order to reveal the influence degree of distribution valve of hydraulic piston pump on volumetric efficiency, a visual experimental device of valve distribution piston pump is designed. The phenomenon and morphological characteristics of backflush jet in the piston pump are clearly observed by the high-speed camera system. Based on the boundary conditions of valve spool transient displacement and pump cavity measured pressure, the dynamic mesh flow field of the distribution valve is simulated, and the instantaneous flow is integrated, and the volume loss of the piston pump caused by the backflushing jet of the drainage valve is obtained. The results show that the backflush jet duration accounts for 30% of the plunger drainage cycle at 1500 r/min, about 6 ms. There are many oscillations of the valve spool accompanied by cavitation. The loss of pump volume efficiency caused by backflush jet is about 5.3%.