中药固废原料特性与热解失重特性关联性分析

为了了解中药渣热解特性与组成结构的关联，本研究以10种典型植物类中药渣样品为原料，分析了其组成结构以及有机组分，并采用热重分析仪研究其热解失重特性，通过对中药渣原料特性与热解过程行为进行关联性分析，探讨影响中药渣热解过程的物性因素以及关联耦合机制。研究结果表明：中药渣均检出较高含量的N、S，根类样品的纤维素含量较高，叶类样品的木质素含量较高。叶类、茎秆类以及种子类中药渣样品热解脱挥发分能力较差，采用Coats-Redfern积分法得到热解活化能基本在100 kJ/mol以内；而块根类中药渣样品热解脱挥发分能力较强，活化能高于110 kJ/mol。其中，山药样品热解脱挥发分能力最强，热解活化能为169.83 kJ/mol；青蒿叶样品热解活化能最低，仅64.32 kJ/mol。纤维素和木质素是影响热解脱挥发分和热解活化能的主要物性因素，纤维素和木质素含量可用于预测中药渣热解脱挥发分能力与热解活化能。

Correlation Analysis Between Characteristics of Feedstock and Thermogravimetric/Pyrolytic Characteristics of Herb Residues

In order to understand the relationship between the pyrolysis characteristics of herb residues and their composition & structure, the composition structure and chemical composition of 10 typical Chinese planted herb residues were determined, and the pyrolysis weight loss characteristics were carried by the thermogravimetric analyzer. Through the correlation analysis between the characteristics of the feedstock and the pyrolysis process behavior, the physical factors affecting the pyrolysis process of herb residues and the associated coupling mechanism were discussed. Results showed that herb residues were detected with high content of nitrogen and sulfur. The root samples had high cellulose content and the leaf samples had high lignin content. The ability of thermal decomposition to remove volatile matter of leaves, stems, and seeds of herb residue samples were poor, and the activation energy of pyrolysis obtained by Coats-Redfern integration method was basically within 100 kJ/mol. Roots of herb residue samples were easier to devolatile, and the activation energy was higher than 110 kJ/mol. Among them, yam sample had the strongest pyrolysis ability to devolatilize, with the activation energy of 169.83 kJ/mol. The lowest activation energy was obtained in the artemisia annua sample, and the correspongding value was 64.32 kJ/mol. Cellulose and lignin were the two main physical properties affecting pyrolysis devolatilization and activation energy. The content of cellulose and lignin could be used to predict the pyrolysis devolatilization ability and activation energy of herb residues.