Development of a conjugated donor-acceptor polyelectrolyte with high work function and conductivity for organic solar cells |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Photo-electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea;2. Division of Energy and Environment, KIST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea;1. Escuela Superior de Física y Matemáticas-Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), C.P. 07738, CDMX, Mexico;2. Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos 62580, Mexico;3. Catalonia Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, 08930 Sant Adrià del Besòs-Barcelona, Spain;4. Centro de Investigaciones en Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Morelos, C.P.62209, Mexico;5. CICATA–IPN, Altamira, Km. 14.5 carretera Tampico-puerto Altamira, Altamira, Tamaulipas, C.P. 89600, Mexico;1. Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Sec 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan;3. Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei, Taiwan;4. Molecular Science and Technology (MST) Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan;5. Berkeley Energy and Climate Institute, Cal Energy Corps program, University of California, Berkeley, USA;6. Department of Molecular and Science Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan;7. Engineering and System Science, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan;1. Center for Advanced Photovoltaics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Damietta university, Damietta 34517, Egypt;3. Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei 230026, China;1. Institute of Lighting and Energy Photonics, National Chiao Tung University, No. 301, Gaofa 3rd Road, Guiren Dist., Tainan 71150, Taiwan ROC;2. Department of Physics, Chung-Yuan Christian University, No. 200, Chung-Pei Road, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan ROC;1. Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, 365 Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 608-739, South Korea;2. Yangwoon High School, 176 Yangwoon-ro, Jwa-dong, Haeundae-gu, Busan 612-030, South Korea;1. Photonics Research Group, Engineering Research Centre, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran;2. Atomic and Molecular Group, Faculty of Physics, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran;3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran;4. Solid State Group, Faculty of Physics, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran |
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| Abstract: | To achieve highly efficient organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, the interface between the photoactive layer and the electrode must be modified to afford the appropriate alignment of the energy levels and to ensure efficient charge extraction at the same time as suppressing charge recombination and accumulation. Recently, p-type conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) have emerged as new hole-transporting materials that can be deposited on electrodes through simple solution processes without additional heat treatment. However, the applications of CPEs have been limited so far because the high electron richness of their conjugated backbones result in low work functions, ～5.0 eV. Here, by inserting a donor?acceptor (D?A) building block into the CPE backbone, we successfully synthesized a new p-type CPE (PhNa-DTBT), which shows a deep work function above 5.3 eV on several electrodes including Au, Ag, and indium tin oxide. More importantly, PhNa-DTBT produces stable polarons on the polymer backbone and thus achieves a high electrical conductivity of 5.7 × 10?4 S cm?1. As a result, an OPV incorporating PhNa-DTBT as a hole-transporting layer was found to exhibit a high performance with a power conversion efficiency of 9.29%. Also, the OPV device shows improved stability in air due to the neutral characteristics of the CPE which is favorable for stabilizing neighbored active and electrode layers. |
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| Keywords: | Hole-transporting layer Self-doping Low-bandgap polymer Organic solar cell Conjugated polyelectrolyte |
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