Effect of lithium and silver diffusion in single-stack and tandem OLED devices |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, D''Youville College, Buffalo, NY 14201, USA;3. Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China;1. State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronics Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, People’s Republic of China;2. Department of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Liaoning Provincial College of Communications, 102 Shenbei Road, Shenbei New District, Shenyang 110122, People’s Republic of China;1. Low Dimensional Research Center, Department of Physics, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. ItraMAS Corporation. Sdn. Bhd., 542A-B Mukim 1, Lorong Perusahaan Baru 2, Kawasan Perindustrian, Perai 13600, Penang, Malaysia;3. Center of Microelectronic and Nanotechnology Engineering (CeMNE), College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jln. Uniten-Ikram, 4300 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. Low Dimensional Material Research Centre (LDMRC), Physics Dept., Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. Centre of Microelectronic and Nano Engineering (CeMNE), College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Centre for Photonics and Advanced Materials Research (CPR), Lee Kong Chian Faculty of Engineering and Science, University Tunku Abdul Rahman, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia;4. Centre of Advanced Manufacturing & Material Processing (AMMP), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;1. State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics, and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, People’s Republic of China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, People’s Republic of China |
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| Abstract: | A study of metal (Li, Ag) diffusion has been carried out in an archetypal OLED device based on N,N′-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-(1,1′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine|tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminum|4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (NPB|Alq3|Bphen). Using single-stack and two-stack tandem OLED structures with variations of layer thicknesses and metal layer placements, we have found that Ag vapor-deposited on Alq3 layer can diffuse or penetrate deep into Alq3, up to ∼2,000 Å, causing luminescence quenching. This diffusion can be substantially prevented by a thin layer of Li or Bphen deposited on Alq3 prior to the deposition of Ag. In contrast, Li diffusion in either Alq3 or Bphen is limited to about 50–100 Å. Li appears to be able to diffuse into Bphen irrespective of the order of Li and Bphen depositions. |
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| Keywords: | Tandem OLED Lithium diffusion Silver diffusion |
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