桦甸油页岩自热干馏

对油页岩干馏过程中能量输入过高的问题,研究了油页岩含氧低温载气干馏过程(N2-Air-R)。N2-Air-R过程是在氮气气氛下通过外加热将油页岩加热至一定温度,然后停止外加热并将氮气替代为150℃的空气,此后油页岩自热升温,不需外加热便可完成干馏。研究表明外加热到300℃时通入空气能达到最好的干馏效果。将N2-Air-R过程与其他两种干馏过程进行了比较:全程在空气气氛下采用外加热将温度加热到干馏终温550℃(Air-R);全程在氮气气氛下采用外加热将温度加热到干馏终温550℃(N2-R)。结果表明,N2-Air-R过程与其他干馏过程得到的页岩油成分相似,均为碳氢化合物,且沸程相近。最后通过研究三种干馏过程中半焦结构随温度的变化,讨论了N2-Air-R干馏过程与其他过程不同的原因。

Self-Heating Retorting of Chinese Huadian Oil Shale

Due to the high-energy input required by the retorting of oil shale, a retorting process （N2-Air-R）, which is carried out under aerobic condition with low-temperature carrier gas, was studied. N2-Air-R needs an external heat supply only to preheat oil shale to 300 ℃ in N2. After that, N2 is replaced into 150 ℃ air as the carrier gas, and the external heat supply is no longer required as the temperature of raw oil shale can increase automatically to complete the retorting by the self-heating effect. N2-Air-R was compared with the other two retorting processes including the process that is in just air and the presence of external heating throughout the retorting process until its end at 550 ℃ （Air-R） and the process that is in just N2 and the presence of external heating throughout the retorting process until its end at 550 ℃ （N2-R）. The results show that the composition of the oil obtained from N2-Air-R process is similar to that obtained from other retorting processes, that is, all the oils consist of various hydrocarbons and are with a similar boiling range. Finally, the change in the structure of oil shale semi-coke in different retorting processes with the change of retorting temperature was studied, and the reason why N2-Air-R process is different from other processes was discussed.