Dissolution Condensation Mechanism of Stress Corrosion Cracking in Liquid Metals: Driving Force and Crack Kinetics |
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Authors: | Evgeny E Glickman |
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Affiliation: | (1) Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel |
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Abstract: | Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in aqueous solution is driven by exothermic reactions of metal oxidation. This stimulus, as
well as classical mechanisms of SCC, does not apply to SCC in liquid metals (LMs). In the framework of the dissolution-condensation
mechanism (DCM), we analyzed the driving force and crack kinetics for this nonelectrochemical mode of SCC that is loosely
called “liquid metal embrittlement” (LME). According to DCM, a stress-induced increase in chemical potential at the crack
tip acts as the driving force for out-of-the-tip diffusion mass transfer that is fast because diffusion in LMs is very fast
and surface energy at the solid-liquid interface is small. In this article, we review two versions of DCM mechanism, discuss
the major physics behind them, and develop DCM further. The refined mechanism is applied then to the experimental data on
crack velocity V
vs stress intensity factor, the activation energy of LME, and alloying effects. It is concluded that DCM provides a good conceptual
framework for analysis of a unified kinetic mechanism of LME and may also contribute to SCC in aqueous solutions. |
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