黑曲霉孢子粉粗提物对青枯雷尔式菌的抑菌机制初探

以黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）孢子粉作为原料，对其粗提物进行分离，以青枯雷尔式菌（Rastonia solanacearum）为指示菌，对抑菌活性进行监测，并利用气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术分析其活性成分。通过测定电导率、核酸蛋白泄露、总蛋白以及活性氧（ROS）等指标的变化分析黑曲霉抑菌机制。结果显示，黑曲霉粗提物洗脱液S5对青枯雷尔式菌具有良好的抑菌效果，抑菌率可达90.87%；GC-MS检测结果显示，其主要成分为油酸（26.52%）、亚油酸甲酯（14.46%）、油酸甲酯（11.10%）、棕榈酸（10.50%）、油酸乙酯（7.36%）、亚油酸乙酯（6.88%）等；粗提物主要通过影响细胞膜完整性、损伤细胞结构、抑制细胞蛋白质合成及能量代谢等方面达到抑制菌株Q11-2的效果。

Antibacterial mechanism of Aspergillus niger spore powder crude extract against Rastonia solanacearum

Crude extract was separated from Aspergillus niger spore powder, its antibacterial activity was monitored using Rastonia solanacearum as indicator bacterium, and the active ingredients were analyzed by GC-MS. The antibacterial mechanism of A. niger was analyzed by measuring the changes of electrical conductivity, nucleic acid protein leakage, total protein and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results showed that the eluent S5 of A. niger crude extracts had a good antibacterial effect on R. solanacearum, with antibacterial rate of 90.87%. GC-MS results showed that the main components were oleic acid (26.52%), methyl linoleate (14.46%), methyl oleate (11.10%), palmitic acid (10.50%), ethyl oleate (7.36%) and ethyl linoleate (6.88%) and so on. The crude extracts could inhibit strain Q11-2 mainly by affecting cell membrane integrity, damaging cell structure, inhibiting cell protein syntheses and energy metabolism.