空气源热泵耦合太阳能及余热用于升压站供暖的研究

风电场、光伏发电站等工程的升压站,一般远离集中热源,冬季多采用“电暖气+热水器”的传统方案,能源利用效率低,增加了电能消耗,降低了项目收益。提出“空气源热泵耦合太阳能及余热”的供暖方案,为升压站提供了可靠的热源,并提高了能源利用效率,降低了运行费用。升压站内电气设备间有大量的40℃左右的排风,可以作为空气源热泵的低温热源,解决了空气源热泵低温时效率低的弊病;空气源热泵生产出热水,并设置太阳能热水器进一步提高水温满足供暖要求;设置单独的蓄热水箱适应供暖负荷变化并解决一部分生活热水需求。以北京某风电场工程为例,阐述了这一系统的优缺点以及推广的必要性和可行性。分析表明,在最冷时该系统仍可以高效、稳定的运行,投资回收期短,为寒冷地区空气源热泵的应用提供了参考依据。

Research of Air Source Heat Pump Coupling Solar Energy&Waste Heat System in Substation Heating

The substation of Wind Power Plant and Photovoltaic Power Plant usually far away from the heating station,normally use electric radiator and water-heater with very low energy efficiency,this solution cost extra power and reduce project benefit.A new system of“air source heat pump coupling solar energy&waste heat system”can raise the energy efficiency,provide reliable heat resource,and save operation cost.Plenty exhaust air(about 40℃)can be recovered from the substation electric equipment room.Use the 40℃exhaust air for the heat pump evaporator,solve the problem of low efficiency of heat pump in low temperature,hot water can be produced and solar energy equipment can be used to raise the water temperature to meet the variable heating requirement,and a heat insulating water tank is supplied for maintain steady hot water supply.This system can not only work for heating system,but also for part of hot water system.The advantages and disadvantages of the system and its necessity and feasibility of application in one wind power plant in Beijing are expounded in details as example.The analysis shows that even in the coldest period,the system could still operation stability and economical and saves a lot energy.This work can provide guidance for practical design of air source heat pump system coupling waste heat with thermal energy storage in substation heating in cold areas.