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Variations of alcohol impairment in different types, causes and contexts of injuries: results of emergency room studies from 16 countries |
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| Authors: | Macdonald Scott Cherpitel Cheryl J DeSouza Amanda Stockwell Tim Borges Guilherme Giesbrecht Norman |
| Affiliation: | aCentre for Addictions Research of BC and School of Health Information Science, University of Victoria, BC PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Vic. BC, Canada, V8W 2Y2 bPublic Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, 2000 Hearst Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA cCentre for Addiction and Mental Health, Suite 200, 100 Collip Circle, London, ON, Canada, N6G 4X8 dCentre for Addictions Research of BC and Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, BC PO Box 1700 STN CSC, Vic. BC, Canada, V8W 2Y2 eInstituto Nacional de Psiquiatria and Universidad Autsnoma Metropilitana-Xochimilco, Calzada Mexico Xochimilco No 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, Mexico D.F.C.P.14370, Mexico fCentre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell St., Toronto, Ont., Canada |
| Abstract: | OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this paper is to document alcohol impairment (based on a blood alcohol content (BAC) of at least 80 mg%) for different types, causes and location contexts of injuries. DESIGN AND SETTING: Data from 45 studies with 11,536 injury patients were merged to determine variations in the percent of alcohol impairment among injury patients. In each study, emergency room (ER) injury patients were given a short interview on the circumstances of their injury and BAC was measured. RESULTS: Injury severity, measured by number of body regions injured was significantly associated with BACs over 80 mg%. The highest percentage of injury type to involve alcohol was head injury/concussion. In terms of causes of injuries, patients with alcohol impairment were significantly more likely to be involved in violence than any other cause (i.e., vehicle, falling, poisoning or burns). Finally, injuries occurring at a bar or restaurant were significantly more likely to involve alcohol impairment than any other setting. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrate considerable variation in the circumstances where alcohol is involved in injuries. These results may be useful for the development of prevention initiatives. |
| Keywords: | Injury Alcohol Violence Severity Location |
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