低碳经济下我国煤层气的发展机遇

天然气是最清洁、高效、低碳的化石燃料,提升天然气在能源消费中的比例,将使我国能源消费结构趋于合理,有利于减少碳排放,有助于实现我国发展低碳经济的目标。2010~2020年间预计我国天然气需求量年均增长13.04%,高于同期天然气产量增幅4.12个百分点,天然气需求缺口为煤层气提供了市场,也为我国煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)开发利用储备了充足的用户。"十一五"期间,国家启动了沁水盆地和鄂尔多斯盆地东缘两个煤层气产业化基地建设。截至2010年底,全国形成煤层气产能25×108m3/a,实现煤层气产量15.57×108m3。预计2015年全国煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)产量将达215×108m3,利用率在60%以上,瓦斯发电装机容量超过300×104kW;新增煤层气探明地质储量8500×108m3;建成13条输气管道,总长度2121km,设计年输气能力180×108m3。建议国家应进一步鼓励煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)的开发利用,将煤层气利用量纳入综合利用进行统计;加大政策支持和政府投入力度,适当提高财政补贴标准,设立煤层气发展基金;组建国家煤层气公司,增加煤层气企业的资本金投入,支持煤层气企业重组上市;同时应大力发展二氧化碳捕集技术,将以消灭或减少煤层气(煤矿瓦斯)放空为目标的专项治理纳入国家瓦斯治理计划。

Coalbed Methane Development Opportunities in a Low-Carbon Economy

Natural gas is the cleanest high-efficiency low-carbon fossil fuel.Increasing the share of natural gas in energy use will help China rationalize its energy mix and is instrumental to the reduction of carbon emissions and the achievement of the objective of developing low-carbon economy.China＇s natural gas demand is expected to grow by 13.04% annually between 2010 and 2020,4.12% higher than the growth rate of nat- ural gas production during the same period.The shortfall of natural gas has offered a market opportunity for coalbed methane and a large consumer base for the development and use of coalbed methane （coalmine gas）. During the Eleventh Five Year Plan period,China started building two coalbed methane commercialization bases,which are respectively located in the Qinshui Basin and the Ordos Basin.As of the end of 2010,China had established a coalbed methane production capacity of 25×10^8m^3 and produced 15.57×10^8m^3 of coalbed methane annually.China＇s coalbed methane output is expected to reach 215×10^8m^3 by 2015,over 60% of which will be utilized.By 2015,China＇s installed coalmine gas-fired power generating capacity will exceed 300×10^4kW,the amount of coalbed methane proved in place will rise by 8500×10^8m^3 and 13 gas pipelines will be established with a total length of 2121km and annual gas supply capacity of 180×10^8m^3.The state should continue to encourage the development and use of coalbed methane, incorporate the amount of coalbed methane used into comprehensive utilization statistics,strengthen policy support and government＇s investment by raising state subsidy standards and setting up coalbed methane development foundations,establish national coalbed methane companies,increase capital investment in combed methane enterprises and encourage coalbed methane enterprises to go public.China should also strengthen its effort to develop carbon dioxide capture technology and include coalbed methane treatment programs aimed at eliminating or reducing the burning of coalbed methane as waste gas into its national coalmine gas treatment plan.